Linux is not an operating system by itself. Just like you cannot install Windows you have to install Windows XP or Windows Vista. You can use the website in related links to find a list of active Linux Distributions. If I could recommend one I would recommend Linux Mint because it is easy to use.
If you mean IBM LinuxONE it is a set of services, not a distribution.
Ubuntu is just one distribution of GNU/Linux and is, itself, based mostly upon the Debian distribution of GNU/Linux.
Yes. BackTrack is a Linux distribution that focuses on penetration testing and computer forensics.
Yes.
Linux Mint
Ubuntu is a Linux distribution (as in a specific OS setup with the Linux kernel.)
Yes.
yes
Ubuntu is a Linux distribution. If it works on Ubuntu chances are it'll work on any Linux distribution. Ubuntu is not its own operating system, it's Linux.
Scientific Linux is a Linux distribution. It is a free and open source operating system and aims to be as close to the commercial enterprise distribution as possible.
Colloquially speaking, "Linux" refers to the operating system distribution that includes the Linux kernel.
Support for Linux games vary by the user's chosen distribution. Games can be found through your distribution's package manager, or online through Websites such as Good Old Games, Steam, and Green Man Gaming.