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pco2
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∙ 11y ago
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What does ABGs stands for?
It can mean Arterial Blood Gas.
What is the acceptable angle of needle insertion for radial ABGs?
45 degrees
Are Oxycontin abg on the market and what drug store has them?
Oxycontin ABGs are on the market in the U.S. under the name Oxycodone Extended Release. They can be found at most good drug stores.
Is O2 satsor O2 stats correct?
I will guess you are talking about measuring oxygen saturation with an oximeter? This would be O2 sat or sats, as in saturation. Many, many people do say O2 stats. As is statistics, or possibly status. It is a single number, therefore it is not ever statistics, a plural. And status isn't really shortened that way, and a single O sat does not equate a status. Now if you are talking about ABGs... Pet peeve of mine. :) Thanks for asking
What is a reason to order an Arterial Blood Gas on a patient?
Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs) are incredibly useful to a number of different physicians. The results tell us the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the patient's blood stream, as well as how acidic or alkali the blood is and how the body is responding to abnormal changes in acidity. For example, in an emergency setting, we might want to know how a person's asthma attack is affecting their body's ability to carry oxygen around the body. In patient's that have taken an overdose, we will probably want to know what effect that poison has had on the acidity of their blood. We also use this test to monitor the progress of patients over time. So with our asthmatic patient, they might present to the hospital wheezy and short of breath, but their ABG initially might 'just' show slightly reduced oxygen levels. However, as they begin to tire out, they become less able to blow off carbon dioxide, and the levels of CO2 will begin to rise. This is an extremely worrying sign, and may mean that the patient will need to be sedated and hooked up to a machine that can breathe for them (a ventilator). ABGs are also useful in 'chronic' patients. Those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (smoker's lung disease) may become 'CO2 retainers'. This means that their body has become 'used to' not having normal oxygen levels and has compensated by running on lower oxygen. This has implications for these patients, because it means we generally can't put them on 100% oxygen (the type we normally prescribe in most cases). This is because these new 'high' oxygen levels will switch off the patient's drive to breath and they can, in theory, lose the impulse to breath all together. So the ABG is really useful, and one of the more frequently used blood tests in a hospital setting. It's also cheap, easy-ish to obtain, and readily available.
Why is emphysema called pink puffers?
A "pink puffer" is a person where emphysema is the primary underlying pathology. As you recall, emphysema results from destruction of the airways distal to the terminal bronchiole--which also includes the gradual destruction of the pulmonary capillary bed and thus decreased inability to oxygenate the blood. So, not only is there less surface area for gas exchange, there is also less vascular bed for gas exchange--but less ventilation-perfusion mismatch than blue bloaters. The body then has to compensate by hyperventilation (the "puffer" part). Their arterial blood gases (ABGs) actually are relatively normal because of this compensatory hyperventilation. Eventually, because of the low cardiac output, people afflicted with this disease develop muscle wasting and weight loss. They actually have less hypoxemia (compared to blue bloaters) and appear to have a "pink" complexion and hence "pink puffer". Some of the pink appearance may also be due to the work (use of neck and chest muscles) these folks put into just drawing a breath. A "blue bloater" is a person where the primary underlying lung pathology is chronic bronchitis. Just a reminder, chronic bronchitis is caused by excessive mucus production with airway obstruction resulting from hyperplasia of mucus-producing glands, goblet cell metaplasia, and chronic inflammation around bronchi. Unlike emphysema, the pulmonary capillary bed is undamaged. Instead, the body responds to the increased obstruction by decreasing ventilation and increasing cardiac output. There is a dreadful ventilation to perfusion mismatch leading to hypoxemia and polycythemia. In addition, they also have increased carbon dioxide retention (hypercapnia). Because of increasing obstruction, their residual lung volume gradually increases (the "bloating" part). They are hypoxemic/cyanotic because they actually have worse hypoxemia than pink puffers and this manifests as bluish lips and faces--the "blue" part.
What does akalinity do to the body?
The body maintains a balance called "acid-base balance", measured by blood pH. The average balanced pH is about 7.4 which is healthy for humans. The body does alot of things to keep this balanced, mostly using the lungs to get rid of acidic carbon dioxide and using chemicals from the kidneys (bicarbonate) to buffer or balance the pH. Alkaline is the "base" or "basic" side of things. An alkaline pH would be anything over 7.45 such as 7.7, and at a certain point this becomes unhealthy. So alkalinity is what keeps the body from getting too acidic. Having acidic conditions over long periods of one's life can raise the risk of cancers forming. Many manufacturers of health products and supplements claim that their veggie drinks or alkaline water/drinks can change blood pH. Eating lots of bitter leafy greens and vegetables and a balanced diet in general may give the body what it needs to do its job. Eating acidic foods which are way too common and prevalent in the modern diet can definitely make it harder to stay out of the acidic range- coffee, soft drinks, vinegar and cured or processed products have all been implicated. Sometimes food is intentionally made more acidic to keep bacteria from growing in the food. But small amounts of supplementation over short periods are not likely to change serum pH significantly. But these are not as powerful as exercise, which promotes blood flow to the kidneys and causes accelerated elimination of carbon dioxide. Now keep reading if you want to know about the nursing/medical knowledge behind this: ... the body can enter 4 types of imbalance: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis. Metabolic conditions usually involve the body and the kidneys (CO2 will be normal here but other markers like bicarbonate will be high or low), and respiratory conditions involve the lungs and breathing (C02 will be high in acidosis or low in acidosis). Any of the above can be "compensated" (buffered by the kidneys that work to try and balance pH) or "uncompensated" (pH is unchanged because the kidneys aren't handling the situation). Respiratory rates can change to hyperventilation or slow deep breathing which will change the the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide. All of this stuff is measured by a set of tests called "Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)" which tell us everything we need to know to find out which of the above are going on. Sometimes something as simple as relaxation and deep breathing can bring a person back to balance, other times it's more complicated.
What are three letter medical terms?
I can think of these words involving medical words: PSA, CEA, IGA, IGM, IGG, FSH, CD4, TSH, HIV, HPV, STD, LGV, PGF, PGR, oma (tumor) bio (life) ano (anus) apo (derived from) ary (pertaining to) ase (enzyme) cis (on this side) cry (cold) dif/dis (separation) dys (bad/difficult) ect (outside) exo (exterior) epi (upon) gen (origin) ics (treatment) ism (disease/condition) iso (equal) ist (one who specialize in) ite (resembling) ium (tissue) log (speech) lys (dissolution) myo (muscle) myc (fungus) myx (mucus) neo (new) oid (resemblance to) ous (pertaining to) oxo (oxygen) oxy (acid/sharp/oxygen) per (through) por (pore) pre (anterior/before) pro (forward/before) pyo (pus) sis (condition of) sub (beneath) sym/syn/sys (together) tic (pertaining to) top (place) uni (one) uro/ur (urine) vas (blood vessel) zoo (animal life) zym (fermentation)
