Clyde Tombaugh
Pluto was first observed by the astronomer Percival Lowell.
Aristarchus of Samos
Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist and astronomer credited with building the first effective telescope. He also is credited with the invention of the first thermometer in 1606.
Clyde Tombaugh, an American astronomer, discovered Pluto in 1930 while working at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona. Pluto was the first object to be discovered in what would later be classified as the Kuiper Belt.
Copernicus was credited with being the first astronomer to create a scientific-based heliocentric cosmology that showed the Earth from the center of the universe. He was the starting point of modern astronomy. (From wikipedia)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch scientist, is credited with being the first to observe microorganisms through a microscope in the late 17th century. His discovery marked the beginning of the field of microbiology.
Galileo Gailei is the first person credited with using the telescope for astronomical observations. He did not invent the telescope. He is the first to have seen moons going around Jupiter, the rings of Saturn (though he incorrectly identified them), and that the Moon had cliffs and craters.
aristole was the first person to view the cell [he was greek]
The mathematician and astronomer William Jones is credited with introducing the symbol for pi (π) to represent the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter in the year 1706.
Uranus was first discovered by the German-born British astronomer William Herschel in 1781. Herschel is credited with being the first person to document the presence of Uranus in our solar system.
Are you asking when the speed of light was first estimated, or are you asking when the speed of light was first actually measured?
No one is credited with discovering the constellation Centaurus because it can be seen with the naked eye. That said, it was first cataloged in the 2nd century by the Greek astronomer, Ptolemy.