The continent you describe is Antarctica.
There is a scientific research station located at this position on Earth, called the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Research Station. All the people there are scientists working temporarily at the location, or temporary workers in support of science. There is no native or permanent population anywhere on the Antarctic continent.
Conceptual research is a research that has got a certain protocol that must be observed strictly to undertake the research.
The word Australia refers to both the nation and the continent. Strictly speaking, the nation of Australia is on the continent of Australia.
No countries are enemies of Switzerland. Switzerland is strictly neutral.
The Philippines is in Southeast Asia but is not on a continent, strictly speaking. The Philippines is an archipelago (string of islands) separated by bodies of water from mainland Asia.
Strictly speaking, the Philippines are not on or in any continent; they are islands. However, they are usually considered to be part of southeast Asia in a cultural and political sense.
Strictly speaking, Scandinavia is composed of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. It is sometimes more broadly defined as the previous three countries in addition to Finland and Iceland.
Atlantis is strictly a myth.
Thulium (ancient name of Scandinavia)Francium (France the country)Polonium (Poland the country)Ruthenium (Russia the country)Europium (continent not country)Americium (continent not country)Californium (the US state)Hassium (the German state)Tellurium (the whole Earth)Magnesium (ancient district of Greece)The ones in bold are strictly named after countries, the rest are stretching the interpretation of the question.You should also not that there are a whole suite of elements named after places or towns IN countries. These are not included above.
Yes, but they are fairly strictly regulated, compared to other countries.
This was strictly an Imperial Navy affair.
Strictly speaking, only human beings use scientific nomenclature, so I would have to say that all of it separates humans from other animals.