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It's not preferable to speak about 'forces' when considering crashes or impacts. Force depends not only on the projectile, but also the target, so it's better to describe projectiles using kinetic energy they carry.

Formula for kinetic energy of moving body is:

Ek = mv2 / 2

It's quite hard to compare bullets and arrows due to big variety both in firearms and in bows and arrows. Let's try however.

Arrow with mass of 25g, which may travel at 75m/s:

Ek = 61 J

Bullet 5.56x45mm with a mass of 4 g flying at 940m/s:

Ek = 1620 J

Gun bullet (.45 ACP) with mass of 12g at 373m/s:

Ek = 835 J

Comparison seems favourable for firearms.

Remember though that 'stopping power' and possibility of fatal injury isn't only affected by kinetic energy.

Bows and other weapons are not toys and should be handled with responsiblity.

Note: Though it is true old longbows cannot outclass a firearm in modern warfare, a longbow arrow has more penetration, 4 inches of solid oak and then 6 inches more out the other end at 30-50 yards, and has been tested and successfully penetrated a bullet proof vest. This is due to the heavier weight, better transfer of momentum, and solid pointed tip not shredding like a bullet. Makes you wonder what would have happened if they continued advancements in tension based weaponry?

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Q: Which has a greater force on impact and arrow or a bullet?
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