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Gram-negative bacteria are more dangerous as disease organisms, because their outer membrane is often hidden by a capsule or slime layer which hides the antigens of the cell and so acts as "camouflage" - the human body recognises a foreign body by its antigens; if they are hidden, it becomes harder for the body to detect the invader.

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"The Gram stain was developed by Hans C. J. Gram, a microbiologist," says Charles Stratton, MD, associate professor of pathology and medicine, and director of the clinical microbiology laboratory at Vanderbilt University in Nashville. "The Gram stain is what differentiates the two types of bacteria, gram-negative and gram-positive. It all has to do with the cell wall of the organism. The gram-negatives have a cell wall that doesn't retain the crystalline violet, which is what gives it the color blue, so the blue indicates gram-positive. The gram-positive organisms have a cell wall that retains the stain after you complex it with iodine, and the gram-negatives don't. So the difference between gram-negative and gram-positive has to do with their cell wall and how they stain."

It may be necessary to take a different approach in killing these two distinctive types of bacteria. "The bottom line is that the gram-negative cell walls are not as tough as the gram-positive cell walls," Stratton explains. "It's harder to kill gram-positives than gram-negatives, for the most part, because the cell walls are tougher in gram-positives; they have a thicker peptidoglycan layer."

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Gram positive bacterias show purple colour in gram staining and gram negative bacterias do not show purple colour. This difference is due to the differences in the nature of cell wall of two groups. In gram positive bacteria, cell wall made up of a thick layer of peptidoglycan,enclosing the plasma membrane. In gram negative bacteria, the peptidoglycan layer is thin and there is an outer membrane made up of lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins, enclosing the cell.

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Q: Which Gram negative or gram positive bacteria more dangerous?
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