water
The answer is WATER!
water
This question can not be answered without know much more information. Such as the material that needs to have its temperature changed. How much of that material there is.
A. Water would take the longest to raise its temperature compared to basalt, iron, and lead due to its high specific heat capacity, which means it requires more heat energy to raise its temperature. Basalt, iron, and lead have lower specific heat capacities and would heat up faster.
They take the same time.
Longer as compared to what?
If you raise the temperature, solubility decreases
Depends on both the exact material and the exact temperature. The amount of heat required to raise 1 gram of material X by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat of material X. It takes 1000 times as much thermal energy to raise 1 kilogram by one degree Celsius because 1 kilogram is 1000 times as much mass as 1 gram. This does not hold over phase changes, such as ice to water or water to steam, because any phase change requires energy just for the phase change. Further, if you use a sharp pencil, many materials have specific heat which changes depending on the material's exact temperature. So you need to know what material and what temperature range and for that material are there any phase changes at that temperature range.
2
It depends on what temperature is is at and how much water there is.
-30c
the amount of heat needed to raise the temeperature of 1kg of some material by 1 degrees celsius(or 1K)