I forget their actual name but it's similar to telephone wires. Telephone wires also work with the right set up. You can also... Actually there are so many ways I probably not list them all. (Try goggleing "how to transfer data")
Optical fiber
An optical pulse is a short burst of light energy, typically generated by lasers or other light sources, that travels through a medium. These pulses can vary in duration, wavelength, and intensity, and are commonly used in telecommunications, data transmission, and various scientific applications. The precise control of optical pulses allows for high-speed information transfer and advanced imaging techniques.
A physical connection medium is used to physically transmit data between devices in a network. It provides a pathway for electrical or optical signals to travel from one device to another, ensuring reliable communication. The choice of connection medium can impact factors such as data transfer speed, distance limitations, and susceptibility to interference.
Transfer rate.
An optical drive, or more accurately an optical disk drive (ODD) is medium for storing digital data. Examples are CD, DVD and blu-ray. The characteristic of an optical drive system is that beams of light (typically laser) are used to read the medium.
This needs more clarification. What medium, or what?
Optical dense refers to the index of refraction. If one medium is optically denser than another, then its index of refraction is larger, meaning the speed of light in the optically denser medium is smaller.
Optical fibre typically can transmit data at the rate of 1 Gigabit (1024 Megabits) per second
An optical storage medium such as a CD or DVD can store audio and video files, respectively. DVD's are also capable of storing images and other data.
In wired connections, the medium that carries data in the form of light signals is typically optical fiber. Optical fiber cables use glass or plastic fibers to transmit data using pulses of light, allowing for faster and more reliable data transmission compared to traditional electrical cables.
Throughput
Several factors can affect data transfer between devices: Connection Type & Speed – USB 3.0 is faster than USB 2.0; Wi-Fi transfer depends on network speed. File Size & Type – Large files or many small files can slow down transfers. Device Performance – Older devices with less RAM or slower processors transfer data slower. Storage Space – Limited storage can cause failed or incomplete transfers. Cable or Port Quality – Damaged or low-quality cables/ports reduce speed or cause interruptions. Software & Drivers – Outdated drivers or incompatible software can block transfers. Network Stability – For cloud or wireless transfers, unstable internet affects speed and reliability. Background Processes – Apps running in the background may slow down transfer speeds. Each of these can impact both speed and success of the transfer.