cranial nerves.
A. in life vessels ran through those openingsB. in life nerves ran through those openings
The glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and Vagus (X) exit the skull through the jugular foramen.
it is made up by nerves and associated cells that are not part of the brain and the spinal cord, included here are cranial nerves that pass through openings in the skull and stimulate regions of the head and neck, spinal nerves, and ganglia(ganglia are collections of nerve cell bodies).
The brain is a large mass composed of nerves that rests in the skull.
olfactroy olfactroyOlfactory nerves Olfactory nerves
the skull
An anapsid is an amniote whose skull does not have openings near the temples.
The cranial nerves are located outside of the brain and skull. These nerves come right from the brain and brain stem.
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves:Cervical- 8 pairThoracic- 12 pairLumbar- 5 pairSacral- 5 pairCoccygeal- 1 pairMost exit through their intervertebral foramen (openings in between and towards the back of the vertebra of the spinal column), spinal nerves are named according to the vertebrae they exit from.The first pair of spinal nerves exits between the occipital bone of the skull and the first cervical vertebra.The Sacral and Coccygeal nerves exit from the sacrum (the five fused vertebrae at the base of the spine) through the sacral foramina (openings or holes on running down along both sides of the sacrum).
So nerves and blood vessels can get out. Otherwise, it'd be like having a second floor on your house with no windows, doors, or stairs.
Patients who suffer from skull fractures possess abnormal openings to the sinuses, nasal passages, and middle ears.
Organisms that usually live in the human respiratory system without causing disease can pass through openings caused by such fractures, reach the meninges, and cause infection.