The amount of data that the transmission media is able to carry.
Transmission timing
The method that will be used for transmission
Information regarding the physical setup of the network
All answers are correct.
protocols
NDIS
Protocols
Connectionless Protocols: These protocols do not establish a connection between devices. As soon as a device has data to send to another, it just sends it. Answer:A Connectionless Protocol is a data communication method in which communication occurs between hosts with no previous setup. The device at one end of the communication transmits data to the other, without first ensuring that the recipient is available and ready to receive the data. The device sending a message simply sends it addressed to the intended recipient. The internet Protocol (IP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are connectionless protocols, but TCP/IP (the most common use of IP) is connection-oriented
There are many ways to communicate between networks. The rules for doing so are called protocols, and there are many known protocols. Some are historical in nature (meaning they have been around a long time) and some are newer ones developed in the last few years. Protocols describe how to communicate and when to communicate. They may be specific to a means of communication (i.e. web traffic, email traffic) or they may be more general (TCP/IP - covering many protocols). Deciding on which protocol to communicate with other networks is based on how the networks communicate currently and what kind of traffic will be transferred between the two. A protocol is designed so that there are common rules regarding communication, so certain protocols will be used to be common between networks. TCP/IP is an example of a very common, widely-used communication protocol.
Communication protocols.
A communication protocol is important because it defines a set of rules for how data is transmitted between devices, ensuring compatibility and consistency in data exchange. It helps devices understand each other and establish communication effectively, leading to efficient and error-free data transfer. Overall, communication protocols enable seamless interaction between diverse systems and facilitate smooth communication across networks.
Replicated services can be implemented as process groups. Member processes use group communication protocols to communicate amongst themselves and group membership protocols to determine what processes are in the group. These protocols can provide various levels of consistency between members. The author investigates weak consistency protocols that guarantee that messages are delivered to all members, but do not guarantee when. He reports on a new family of communication protocols, an associated group membership mechanism, and current progress in evaluating their efficiency and utility for real applications.
Communication protocols are the rules than govern use of different types of media.
Basic objective of networking is to establish communication between no. of computers in that network.
Device drivers establish the communication between PC's and the device, drivers are the interface of devices,
Protocols are a commonly agreed-upon set of rules for common communication between devices. At the data link layer they have to agree on the rules of how the frame is constructed, otherwise there would be no correct way to deliver frames to the intended systems.