multi-party system
NO.
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Political parties
Men are more likely to vote Republican and women are more likely to vote Democrat.
Autocracy
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Interest groups tend to be able to do more than political parties on specific issues. Political parties are more divisive than interest groups, and less likely to be listened to by members of the other parties.
There are several factors which have caused the large number of political parties in Indonesia. Firstly, some parties are based on particular sections of society, and thus several parties have emerged that represent these sections of society. Secondly, Indonesia is a relatively new democracy, and hence there was much excitement post-1998 about creating and joining political parties. There has also been less time for particular parties to consolidate and become more powerful. Thirdly, political parties are the only way to get into parliament or to become President, so a number of powerful figures have created their own political parties to seek more political power. And Lastly, but most importantly, Indonesia has a Proportional Representation (PR) electoral system, which presents lower barriers for parties to gain seats than Single Member District (SMD) electoral systems. If Indonesia used SMD then there would likely be a significant reduction in the number of parties.
Basically because in the modern world the candidate with the most funding is likely to win.
autocratic
There are several factors which have caused the large number of political parties in Indonesia. Firstly, some parties are based on particular sections of society, and thus several parties have emerged that represent these sections of society. Secondly, Indonesia is a relatively new democracy, and hence there was much excitement post-1998 about creating and joining political parties. There has also been less time for particular parties to consolidate and become more powerful. Thirdly, political parties are the only way to get into parliament or to become President, so a number of powerful figures have created their own political parties to seek more political power. And Lastly, but most importantly, Indonesia has a Proportional Representation (PR) electoral system, which presents lower barriers for parties to gain seats than Single Member District (SMD) electoral systems. If Indonesia used SMD then there would likely be a significant reduction in the number of parties.
increasing citizens' in politics by encouraging them to see opposing parties as the enemy making voting simpler by indicating what positions candidates associated with the party are likely to late motivating citizens to take action on political issues