Solid to liquid
water freezing
Solid
Several "things" can result in a decrease in entropy. Some examples would be turning from a gas to a liquid, and a liquid to a solid.
ICE
APEX 2022
Solid to liquid
condensing of water vapor
solid-apex
ice (apex)
Gas
entropy is greater the more possible arrangements for energy there are, which increases as the molecules become more mobile, so entropy is high in a gas, lower in a liquid, and lowest in a solid.
Higher is the energy of the state, lower will be its rigidity. Hence, we can say that solids have lowest state of energy because they are most rigid and gases have the highest state of energy since they are fluid in nature and don't have any rigidity.
Vapors always have more entropy than liquids of the same substance at the same temperature, because the number of energy states accessible to molecules in the vapor phase is much greater than in the liquid phase.
Increasing the temperature increases the atmospheric partial pressure of the gas, shifting the equilibrium towards the gas phase. This reduces the concentration of gas in a solution as the gas molecules move into the gas phase.
Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. The phase of matter with the highest entropy is generally considered to be the gas phase, as the particles in a gas have the highest degree of freedom and randomness compared to liquids and solids.
The transition of water (or of anything) from the liquid phase to the gas phase does constitute an increase in entropy.
solid-apex
h20(s)
Gas
solid crystal
Solid carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice, has the lowest entropy among the different forms of carbon dioxide. In its solid state, the molecules are tightly packed together, resulting in a more ordered arrangement and therefore lower entropy compared to gaseous or liquid states.
entropy is greater the more possible arrangements for energy there are, which increases as the molecules become more mobile, so entropy is high in a gas, lower in a liquid, and lowest in a solid.
the gas phase
atom
Higher is the energy of the state, lower will be its rigidity. Hence, we can say that solids have lowest state of energy because they are most rigid and gases have the highest state of energy since they are fluid in nature and don't have any rigidity.
Solid