Soluble.
A salt is generally an ionic compound which will dissociate when put into water creating cations and anions. Salts can be neutral or tend toward acidic or basic states, depending on the particular salt. Recall that a salt is generally the product (along with water) of an acid-base reaction.
The scientific term used to describe a substance that will not dissolve is "insoluble." This means that the substance does not readily mix with a solvent to form a homogeneous solution.
As salt does not evaporate from water no such term exists.
The word you are looking for is "insoluble." This term is used to describe substances that do not dissolve in a particular solvent, such as water.
Dilute
A substance is 'insoluble in water' if it will not dissolve in water, although it may dissolve in another solvent.
You are producing a salt (or brine) solution.
In chemistry, the term "insoluble" is used to describe a substance that does not dissolve well in a solvent. This means that when added to the solvent, it either does not dissolve at all or only dissolves to a very minimal extent. Insoluble substances can form a suspension or remain as a solid residue in the solution.
Water is the solvent.
Not completely sure what you're asking, but copper sulfate (CuSO4) will dissolve easily in water to form a cool-looking blue colored solution.(The term is dissolve).
The term you are referring to is "substance." Substances can be pure elements, such as oxygen or gold, or compounds, such as water or table salt.
The glue which does not dissolve in water is called dispersive.