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Q: Which things have to increase for metamorphism to occur?
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Which kind of metamorphism occurs next to an intrusion of molten magma?

Contact metamorphism can occur in this scenario.


Where does regional metamorphism most commonly occur?

at convergent plate boundries


When molten igneous material intrudes into rock what metamorphism can occur.?

contact


What plate tectonic settings does regional metamorphism occur?

Destructive plate boundaries.


Why do rocks have to be in the mantle to change to a metamorphic rock?

The short answer is that they don't! For metamorphism to occur rocks require either heat, pressure or a combination of the two. Both of these conditions occur together in the mantle, however they can occur in other places to. Such as in the rocks around igneous intrusions (high temperatures and low to moderate pressures) which cause contact metamorphism. It can also occur in zones of high tectonic stress (such as continental collision zones where mountains are being built where there is a relatively low temperature by mantle standards but very high pressure) which causes regional metamorphism. Finally in zones characterised by very high strains (e.g. the rocks in very close proximity to fault zones) metamorphism can occur. The type depends on the strain rate and the depth (which affects the pressure and temperature). This type of metamorphism is known as dynamic metamorphism). All the above conditions (and a number of others) can cause metamorphism to occur in sections of the earth outside the mantle. The differing types of metamorphism at differing temperatures and pressures create differing assemblages of minerals. These are known as metamorphic facies. Please see the related links for more information.