China has dual land tenure system. Land ownership is separate from land use rights. Land ownership is divided into two categories: state-owned land and collectively owned land. In other words, the land is either owned by the state or the collective economic organization ("CEO"). For the State-owned land, or state land, the State Council, the executive branch of the central government of China, administers state land on behalf of the state. For the collectively owned land, or collective land, it is operated and administered by rural collective economic organizations ("CEO") or villagers' committees; if land is respectively owned by two or more rural CEOs within a single village, it is respectively operated and administered by CEOs or villagers' teams; and if land is collectively owned by farmers of the CEO of townships, it is operated and administered by the CEO of townships.
Yes
The Bureau of Indian Affairs administers and manages 55.7 million acres of land in behalf of American Indians, Indian Tribes and Alaskan natives.
Public domain land is land that is not privately owned and not under state or municipal ownership. The Bureau of Land Management within the United States Department of the Interior manages and administers America's public lands. That includes over 247 million acres of land mostly in the Western states and includes natural, cultural and national heritage sites. The bureau maintains and manages the lands for the use and enjoyment of the public. It regulates activities such as camping, biking, shooting, hiking, fishing, boating, etc. It regulates mining, logging, oil leases and other such activity.
Land ownership was taken over mainly by the businesses.
In China, land ownership means that the land owner has the right to possess, use, benefit from and dispose of land. Land ownership is divided into two categories: state-owned land (or state land) and collectively owned land (or collective land). There are specific provisions on land ownership in several key Chinese laws and regulations (Readers can find the specific provisions on land ownership in Article 10 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China ("Constitution") ("PRC"), Article 47, 48, 58, 59, 60 of the Property Law of the PRC ("Property Law"), Article 8 of the Land Administration Law of the PRC ("Land Administration Law") and Article 2, 4 of the Implementing Regulation of the Land Administration Law of the PRC ("Implementing Regulation of Land Administration Law"). In China, urban land is owned by the state, and rural and suburban land, which is stipulated otherwise by law to be state land, is owned by the state too. Collective land is owned by the rural collective economic organization ("CEO"), which is roughly tantamount to the entire rural land and most of suburban land. Therefore, roughly, if you are on city land, you can assume that the land is state-owned. However, bear in mind that this assumption is not always the case. As China is emerging as a new market, the city is physically expanding at a rocket pace in the suburban areas, but the land in cities still remains in collective hands from a legal perspective. At the same time, some land in rural area, such as state-owned farms, is owned by the state.
There is no private land ownership under communism.
That depends on where you live. In the United States we have a system of private land ownership. You can sell your land and keep the money or leave it to your beneficiaries by your will. If you die intestate (without a will) the land will pass to your heirs at law under the state laws of intestacy. No one can take the land away from you unless the taking is done under the provisions of the law. Many other countries have private land ownership. There are countries that do not have systems of private land ownership. China is a good example. There is no system for private land ownership in China. The state took control of all the land during the Communist takeover in 1949. Communist Party officials control land usage rights. However, there is a system of usage rights granted in the land. You can read more about it at the related question link provided below.
ChinaIn China, land ownership means that the land owner has the right to possess, use, benefit from and dispose of land. Land ownership is divided into two categories: state-owned land (or state land) and collectively owned land (or collective land). There are specific provisions on land ownership in several key Chinese laws and regulations (Readers can find the specific provisions on land ownership in Article 10 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China ("Constitution") ("PRC"), Article 47, 48, 58, 59, 60 of the Property Law of the PRC ("Property Law"), Article 8 of the Land Administration Law of the PRC ("Land Administration Law") and Article 2, 4 of the Implementing Regulation of the Land Administration Law of the PRC ("Implementing Regulation of Land Administration Law").In China, urban land is owned by the state, and rural and suburban land, which is stipulated otherwise by law to be state land, is owned by the state too. Collective land is owned by the rural collective economic organization ("CEO"), which is roughly tantamount to the entire rural land and most of suburban land. Therefore, roughly, if you are on city land, you can assume that the land is state-owned. However, bear in mind that this assumption is not always the case. As China is emerging as a new market, the city is physically expanding at a rocket pace in the suburban areas, but the land in cities still remains in collective hands from a legal perspective. At the same time, some land in rural area, such as state-owned farms, is owned by the state.
Land ownership
No one owned the land
There is no system for private land ownership in China. The state took control of all the land during the Communist takeover in 1949. Communist Party officials control land usage rights. Private ownership is a new concept for the Chinese and they have little legal structure for or practical experience in private land ownership. China has recently commenced the development of a civil code that allows property usage rights based on the civil law concept of usufruct. Usufruct is the legal right to the use, profit and benefit from land owned by another. The government has caused unrest in the last few years by transferring lands to developers who, with inadequate compensation, oust city dwellers from their homes and farmers from their lands and means of livelihood. There has been a groundswell of resistance where city dwellers have protested and farmers have divided collective land amongst themselves claiming private ownership of their family farms. You can read more about it at the links below.
When all the land on Earth is collectively owned by the public or the government, it is known as common ownership or public ownership of land. This system contrasts with private ownership, where individuals or entities own land for their exclusive use.