In Physics, through 2012 . . .
1930 . . . . . Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
1983 . . . . . Subramanyan Chandrasekhar
The Nobel Prize Committee. It's all one entity.
The Nobel in Physics is awarded for extraordinary physicists who have contributed tremendously to the field of physics and advancements for humanity. All Nobel Physics laureates have done some discoveries/theories/experiments so extraordinary that they changed or further enhanced our contemporary knowledge.
Marie Curie, Physics 1903 & Chemistry 1911. 3 other individuals have won two Nobel Prizes. 1 organization, the UNHCR, has won two Nobel Prizes. The ICCR is the only recipient of 3 Nobel Prizes, all Nobel Peace Prizes.
When someone, usually in the media or in a TV-show, talks about winning the Nobel Prize, they are most often referring the Nobel Prize in Science. This is a very lose way of referring to it; The Nobel Prize is not ONE prize but several given annually to a number of fields including: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. They are all undeniably considered honorable to win, and boosts one's career within their respective field. Very few ever win a Nobel Prize twice. All of the them are given in Sweden with the exception of the Peace Prize, which is given in Norway.
Albert Einstein: Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for the development of quantum theory. Marie Curie: Received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 for her research on radioactivity, and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911 for her discovery of radium and polonium. Nelson Mandela: Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his efforts to dismantle apartheid in South Africa and promote reconciliation. Malala Yousafzai: Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 for her advocacy of education for all children, especially girls, in Pakistan. Martin Luther King Jr.: Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his efforts to end racial segregation and promote civil rights using nonviolent means.
Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his 1905 paper on the photo-electric effect, in which light hitting a metal surface could generate electricity. This was the theoretical basis for all of the solar power collectors that you see everywhere.
Please visit http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/ for more information
To my knowledge the Prizes are in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Economics, and Peace Prize. No prize for Psychology. You can see a list of all laureates at http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/
In Nobel's will, he left only one requirement for the recipient of his Peace Prize: that it go "to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses that is the answer to that questions Peace, Literature, Chemistry, Physics... this is all I can remember
The Nobel Prize recognizes outstanding contributions in six categories: Peace, Literature, Chemistry, Physics, Medicine, and Economic Sciences. Since its establishment in 1901, thousands of individuals and organizations have been honored for their remarkable achievements in these fields.
Mohandas Ghandi was nominated several times for the Nobel Peace Prize, but the Norwegian Nobel Prize committee never actually voted to give him the prize. They may have been too narrow minded, or they may have been afraid of the British . . . after all, Ghandi helped India gain their independence from Britain.
nobel prize winer in 1901