The NDP, led by Jack Layton
The Liberals, led by Bob Rae
The Bloc Quebecois, led by Gilles Duceppe
The Green Party, led by Elizabeth May
Canada's Constitution guarantees Freedom of Association. Any attempt by the Prime Minister to prevent the opposition parties from getting together would be unconstitutional.
There are two types of opposition parties in the House of Commons: Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition (sometimes referred to simply as the Official Opposition), and third opposition parties. The Official Opposition is thought of as a "Government-in-waiting", providing an alternative government to take over should the existing Government resign or be dismissed, with the Leader of the Official Opposition being an alternative prime minister.Third opposition parties are also responsible for holding the Government accountable, but are generally not thought of as a viable alternative government, and rarely have as much pre-eminence in Parliament as do the Official Opposition. (For example, the Official Opposition receives more time during question period than do the third opposition parties.)
In Canada, the parties that are not in power are referred to as "opposition parties." The primary opposition party is known as the "Official Opposition," which is typically the party with the second-largest number of seats in the House of Commons. Other smaller parties that are not in government also contribute to the opposition, collectively holding the government accountable and providing alternative policies.
The NDP.
The Alberta Provincial parties are made up of Liberals, New Democrats, Wildrose, Social Credit and many other parties. The current opposition party is the Wildrose.
As of October 2023, the names of the provincial opposition parties and their leaders can vary by province in Canada. For instance, in Ontario, the main opposition party is the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Marit Stiles. In British Columbia, the opposition is the BC NDP, led by Sonia Furstenau. Please specify a particular province for more detailed information about its opposition parties and leaders.
New Democratic party
republican
Other than parties and leaders that do not form the government there are none.
In many parliamentary systems, various political parties can hold chairs in the opposition, depending on their representation and the composition of the legislature. Typically, the main opposition party holds the official Leader of the Opposition role, while other smaller parties may also hold committee chairs or shadow cabinet positions. These parties collectively contribute to scrutinizing government actions and proposing alternative policies. The specific parties involved can vary widely depending on the country's political landscape.
There were one party that was opposition of the National Congress. The Indian National Congress was the only party.
Currently, the Liberal Party of Canada forms Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition for both the Senate, and the House of Commons. Some senators sit as Progressive Conservatives. In the House of Commons, the Bloc Québécois and the New Democratic Party of Canada are the other opposition parties.