Robert Grosseteste was the FIRST modern scientist. He is the father of the scientific method.
Galileo Galilei is often considered the first modern scientist. He played a key role in the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries with his development of the scientific method and his contributions to astronomy and physics.
Grosseteste, because he taught that a scientist should make observations and then come up with a tentative explanation for why the observed events happened. WRONG grosseteste was known as "the father of the science method" he was not the first modern scientist.
Galileo
Antoine Lavoisier is the scientist who proposed that matter is made of many elements and is widely considered the founder of modern chemistry.
I happen to be a materials scientist, and I think that by answering this question I'm contemporaneous, if not modern.
aristotle
Galileo Galilei
The Austrian monk Gregor Mendel is considered the first scientist to study genetics systematically. Mendel's experiments with pea plants in the 19th century laid the foundation for modern genetics by establishing the principles of heredity.
Generally, modern calculus is considered to have been developed in the 17th century by mathematicians Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz. In fact, there remains a controversy of who first developed it.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered the pioneer of modern microscope use. He was a Dutch scientist who improved the design of the microscope and made significant contributions to the field of microbiology by observing and documenting microscopic organisms for the first time in the 17th century.
John Dalton is considered the scientist who developed the modern atomic theory, providing evidence for the existence of atoms through his experimentation with gases.
The first scientist who is often credited with studying chemistry is Robert Boyle, who is considered one of the founders of modern chemistry. Boyle made significant contributions to the field through his work on gases and the development of Boyle's Law, which describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas.