A lord
a lord (apex)
Constantinople was a difficult city to conquer because it was one of the wealthiest cities in Europe. It was renowned for its power and splendour. Despite countless attacks, Constantinople stood firm and survived for over 1,000 years. Only the Ottomans managed to conquer Constantinople in 1453
The Holy Roman Empire.
In most of Europe, most of the land was controlled by the monarchs and the nobility. A lot of land was controlled by the Church, and I have read that in England the amount was upwards of 30%, an amount I find very easy to believe. In central Italy, the land was nearly all controlled by the Church.
they were controlled by the romans
Eastern Europe was influenced and controlled by the Soviet Union.
A fiefdom is a territory or domain controlled by a feudal lord, who grants land to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service. It is a system of land ownership and governance prevalent in medieval Europe.
Germany, though weakened, still controlled much of the land it had before World War I
American Indians controlled the land west of the Appalachians.
Under manorialism, land was primarily controlled by the lord of the manor, who held legal and economic authority over the estate. The lord granted portions of this land to peasants or serfs in exchange for labor and a share of the produce. While peasants worked the land and had some rights to it, they were generally bound to the manor and lacked ownership, making the lord the central figure in the manorial system. This hierarchical structure was key to the agrarian economy of medieval Europe.
Poland has never controlled Europe.
It is is not under Europe or controlled by it. Poland is an independent country in the continent of Europe.