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They evolved through mutations and natural selection, of course.

First change:

1. The "primordial soup" became less "soupy" and more "watery" as protobionts got better at incorporating the organic materials into their structures.

Later changes:

2. With oxygenic photosynthesis, oxygen combined with dissolved iron in the oceans. The oxidized material (mostly hematite and magnetite) precipitated out and are found as "banded iron formations" today.

3. With oxygenic photosynthesis, eventually enough oxygen gas was released that it significantly changed the overall makeup of the atmosphere. With free oxygen, an "ozone layer" formed, helping to protect the earth's surface from solar ultraviolet.

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11y ago
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10y ago

they use a big portion of oxygen, they have been decreasing the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.

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14y ago

prokaryotes

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Q: How do prokaryotes early in Earth's history alter environments on Earth?
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