god
He brought them out of Egyptian slavery and gave the Torah to them (the Jews).
Jews believe in God the creator and in the Torah which God gave.
God gave the Torah to Moses on Mt. Sinai
They are called the Torah.
By learning, teaching and obeying the Torah.
One God, creator of all things, who gave the Torah.
The Torah is the five books that God gave to Moses. The Torah is considered to be the word of God by Jews. Christians follow the Old Testament which is a variation of the Torah with some mistranslations. To Jews there is nothing old about it, it is the eternal word of God and there is no 'New' Testament.
The Torah contains the instructions that HaShem (The Creator) gave to the Jews for how Jews are meant to live their lives. One of Judaism's greatest sages summed up the Torah with the following: That which is hateful to you, do not do to others. The rest is commentary, now go read the commentary.
They should follow in the ancient traditions of Judaism (the Torah) exactly.
It depends on how the term is meant. "Torah Jews" can mean more than one thing. If the definition is: Those who live the laws of the Torah (which is the way the phrase "Torah Jews" is usually used), then it is understandably common to reserve that description for observant Jews. It is indeed customary today to call observant Jews "Torah Jews"; so the answer to the question is Yes. The word "Orthodox" is seen by many Torah Jews to be an exonym, i.e. a term applied to them by non-Orthodox, whereas they prefer the term "Torah Jews". If the definition is: Who is Jewish according to the Torah, then Torah Jews would include non-observant Jews, because they don't cease being Jewish. All Jews, regardless of levels of observance are "Torah Jews" since their Jewishness is derived from the Torah's mandates.
They are Jews who keep the Torah.
Orthodox Jews or Torah Jews.