-- The Nobel Prize for Physics for 2012 was awarded to Serge Haroche and
David J. Wineland "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable
measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems".
-- As this answer is being written (mid-April 2013), the Nobel Prizes for 2013
have not been announced yet.
I believe you meant "Nobel Prize" in Physics. Albert Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
The Nobel Prize Committee. It's all one entity.
First, there is no Nobel Prize in mathematics. Second, ratio of what to what? The Nobel Prizes (in physics, chemistry, and others, but NOT in mathematics) are given out once a year.
The Prize - novel - was created in 1962.
Comstock Prize in Physics was created in 1913.
Wolf Prize in Physics was created in 1978.
Isidor Isaac Rabi won The Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944.
No Noble prize in physics was awarded in 1916. If there is no work or advance deemed important by the Nobel Foundation, then there no prize is awarded. This was why no prize was awarded in 1916.
The Nobel prize is awarded in 6 fields: 1. Physics 2. Chemistry 3. Medicine or Physiology 4. literature 5. Peace 6. Economic Science
Dengeki Novel Prize was created in 1994.
she won the Nobel prize for physics in 1903
Polykarp Kusch won The Nobel Prize in Physics in 1955.