He will be elected by the College of Cardinals. Only cardinals under age 80 may vote in the conclave.
Yes they do.
Cardinal is the next step down in the hierarchy from the pope.
The conflict you are asking about is called the Investiture Controversy. There is a link below to an article on it.
The Pope gets elected by the Cardinals not the people.
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There will be no more than 120 cardinals involved in the election of the next pope.
Please pick one of the 266 popes.
Pope St. Anacletus (Cletus) (76-88) followed Linus.
The next conclave to elect a pope will occur a few days after Pope Francis either dies or resigns.
No, his posessions are cleared out and the next pope moves in.
Pope Leo IX was pope until April 19 of that year when he died. The next pope was not elected until the following year.
The only requirement to be pope is the potential candidate be a male Catholic. It also helps to be a cardinal. So, yes, Cardinal Pell could be the next pope but it is probably unlikely.