First of all what is baptism? The Greek ba'pti.sma refers to the process of immersion, including submersion and emergence;
John's Baptism is the first human authorized by God to perform water baptism. Read Luke 1: 5-7, 57
The very fact that he was known as " John the Baptist" or " the baptizer" read Matthew 3: 1; Mark 1: 4 implies that baptism or water immersion came to the attention of the people especially through John, and the Scriptures prove that his ministry and batism came from God; they were not of John's oringin. His works were foretold by the angel Gabriel as from God. Read Luke 1: 13-17, and Zechariah prophesied by holy spirit that John would be a prophet of the Most High to make Jehovah God's ways ready. Read Luke 1. 68-79.
So to answer your question, which is " Who instituted baptism"? The answer is, it is Jehovah God who instituted baptism which is the symbol of repentance for forgiveness of sins.
Jesus directly instituted two sacraments, Baptism and the Lord's Supper (or Holy Communion, commonly called the Eucharist or the Mass); five others, Confirmation, Holy Matrimony, Reconciliation (confession and absolution), Ordination and Anointing of the Sick, are commonly called sacraments, but were not directly instituted by him.
Ecclesiastical . a visible sign of an inward grace, especially one of the solemn Christian ritesconsidered to have been instituted by Jesus Christ to symbolize or confer grace: the sacraments ofthe Protestant churches are baptism and the Lord's Supper; the sacraments of the Roman Catholicand Greek Orthodox churches are baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist, matrimony, penance, holyorders, and extreme unction.
Baptism, Confirmation & the Holy Eucharist
Catholics believe that sacraments are sacred rituals instituted by Jesus Christ to convey God's grace to believers. They believe there are seven sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, and Matrimony. These sacraments are seen as outward signs of inward grace and are essential for spiritual growth and salvation.
Christ instituted the sacraments of the new law. There are seven: Baptism, Confirmation (or Chrismation), the Eucharist, Penance, the Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders and Matrimony. The seven sacraments touch all the stages and all the important moments of Christian life:1 they give birth and increase, healing and mission to the Christian's life of faith. There is thus a certain resemblance between the stages of natural life and the stages of the spiritual life.
Roman Catholic AnswerBecause without Baptism, you can not validly receive any of the other sacraments.
a visible sign of an inward grace, especially one of thesolemn Christian rites considered to have been instituted by JesusChrist to symbolize or confer grace: the sacraments of the Protestantchurches are baptism and the Lord's Supper; the sacraments of theRoman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches are baptism,confirmation, the Eucharist, matrimony, penance, holy orders, andextreme unction.
Baptism is one of the seven sacraments.
Both are sacraments.
Because we believe that Christ instituted the sacraments as means for our salvation.
Ecclesiastical . a visible sign of an inward grace, especially one of the solemn Christian ritesconsidered to have been instituted by Jesus Christ to symbolize or confer grace: the sacraments ofthe Protestant churches are baptism and the Lord's Supper; the sacraments of the Roman Catholicand Greek Orthodox churches are baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist, matrimony, penance, holyorders, and extreme unction.
Sacraments are Holy Communion and Holy Baptism. Other Rites include Anointing of the sick, Confession, Confirmation, etc.