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Yes. Late at night in mid-summer, New England is closer to the Sun than Florida is.
No. At Local Apparent Noon, the Sun is higher in the sky in Florida, and therefore slightly closer in slant range. Even though Ohio is generally at a higher elevation, the difference isn't enough to put it closer.
The three are Alaska, Michigan, and Florida. Florida Michigan Michign Alaska Alaska Florida
Depending on the time of year, the earth is anywhere from roughly 147 million to 152 million km from the sun. That variance of roughly 5 million km alone dwarfs any tiny difference in the distances from the sun to New York or Florida. But technically, Florida is to an extremely tiny and meaningless degree closer to the sun... during the day. But if you consider absolute distance, disregarding the fact that at night the body of the earth is between the eastern US and the sun, then the distances average out over a year. If Florida is closer to the sun during the day, it is farther from the sun at night. It is not the closeness of the sun that makes the seasons or different earth locations warmer or cooler; it is the angle at which the sun's rays hit.
Alaska
It is closer to travel from Alaska to Chicago, because the time distance is more. Yur Welcome!
Greendland
... is closer to the sun than Maine. Also, there's less atmosphere for sunlight to penetrate.
California
Alaska.
Florida, Maine, and Alaska
It's Alaska, not Florida.