If you were charged how can the arrest be "false?"
Yes, if you try to get away after the arrest has been made, you can get charged with resisting arrest.
yes
He resisted arrest and was charged.
yes
If the governor is unable to fulfill his/her duties (e.g. under arrest) the lieutenant governor will take his/her place until the governor returns, if s/he returns.
If you have not been convicted, you are NOT a felon.
see you when you get out.
Yes. Charges that are not charged at the time of arrest can be charged and prosecuted later.
Her parents got ill
If by notice to appear you mean appearing in court, no it is not, until a judge finds you guilty you will not be charged with an arrest.
If you were arrested and booked then you WERE charged. Even if a judge only "cautioned" you it doesn't mean that it "went away." Any arrest will appear on your record, unless it was prior to your 18th birthday.