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Nobody. If you are thinking of Einstein's work on relativity, all it said was that lots of energy was inside matter but no suggestion was made as to how to get it out or even if it was possible to get it out. Also Einstein did not work on the project as he was both a pacifist and would not work on any war related projects and was considered an enemy alien by the Army's people responsible for granting security clearances. The first appearance of atomic bombs in literature was in 1914 in H. G. Wells Science Fiction novel The World Set Free.

Leo Szilard invented the way to get it out (neutron chain reaction) in 1933 and was granted a patent for it in 1936, but no material was known then that would support this process. A team working in Germany and Sweden discovered in 1939 that the isotope uranium-235 fissioned when struck by neutrons and also released an excess of neutrons, making it suitable to support a neutron chain reaction.

The atomic bomb was not developed in 1939. The Manhattan Project operated from 1942 to 1947 and did not build any until the summer of 1945.

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Q: Who is research regarding the theory of relativity led to the development of the atomic bomb in 1939?
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