State treasurer are executive officers that are elected or appointed by the governor. There are around fourteen offices in the US but are not in all 50 states.
In the United States, the State Treasurer can be appointed either by the governor of a state or elected through statewide election. Although in most of the 50 states, it is through an election, a few states like Hawaii, Alaska, and Georgia have State Treasurers that are selected by the state governor. The State Treasurer is also called the State Comptroller in states like New York.
It would all depend on the charter of the organization. It think not, in most cases.
It is not a requirement in most cases. The state may require a bond for the executor.
The Secretary of State is appointed by the President of the US, subject to approval by the Senate
Nevada
No, they would not be paid more. Most of them are appointed by the state or are doing the work pro bono, which means for free. And unless the attorney is being paid by a private party, they get rates as specified by the normal case processes.
State courts hear far more cases than federal courts.
The majority of cases in the US are heard by the various state courts.
Thurgood's cases were mostly about ending segregation in the southern states. He won most of them and ended segregation in 6 different states. And later was appointed the US Solisitor. Later in his lfie he became the first African-American to be appointed as a judge on the Supreme Court.
State court cases begin in trial courts. They graduate up to the state level if one of the litigants is not satisfied with the decision of the lower court.
Most criminal cases are heard in state courts because criminal law is primarily under the jurisdiction of state governments. States have their own criminal codes and court systems to handle cases involving violations of state laws. Federal courts typically only hear criminal cases involving violations of federal laws.
Most of the time, the governor of a state is elected by the people on the first Tuesday in November. It would have to be a special circumstance for a governor to be appointed. 99.99% of governors are elected.