Retina has a better screen resolution and more pixels, display is better on the Retina
LG Display
No, But there coming out with an ipad mini 2 soon with retina display
macboook pro retina display
macbook pro with retina display way better
Mostly. Note they both have the same retina display. The iPad with Retina Display has the A6X chip which does have better performance than A5X in New iPad.
Yes
no
The Macbook Pro with Retina display does have an HDMI port. The Macbook Pro without Retina display do not have a HDMI port.
No, the Retina display model does not have a DVD-ROM drive. You can buy an external drive if need be.
Retina stands for the fact that the retina display has actually more pixels than our human eye (retina) is possible to see. It delivers stunning picture quality, and is far more crisper than a full HD TV.
Retina display is used by Apple to illustrate the density of the pixels hence the calrity of the screen. Amoled is having different pixel densities and is used mainly by Samsung.