Usually a CPA or some kind or public auditor.
An Independent accountant who performs financial audits are called "External Auditors".
audits are....................
The three main types of audits are financial audits, operational audits, and compliance audits. Financial audits focus on financial statements and records to ensure accuracy and compliance with regulations. Operational audits assess efficiency and effectiveness of processes and procedures. Compliance audits verify adherence to laws and regulations.
Audits for Amazon are typically conducted by internal audit teams as well as external independent auditing firms. The internal audit team focuses on evaluating and improving the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes within the company. Additionally, external auditors provide an objective assessment of Amazon's financial statements and compliance with regulatory requirements. These audits help ensure transparency and accountability in Amazon's operations.
The IRS performs federal tax audits for corporations and based on the audits the initial tax due or refund may change. Should there be any change to the federal tax return, the state tax return must also reflect those change (because the state tax return is based on the federal tax return amount). Any adjustments that are made to the state or local return based on the IRS audits is called RAR adjustments.
Independent social audits
Ernst & Young audits Amazon.
Audits of governmental agencies are typically both financial and compliance audits.
Statutory audits are reviews of a business or governments financial records as required by law. Non-statutory are audits not required by legal statute but needed because of some other reason. A non-statutory might be needed if some issue is brought to light such as an irregularity in the way business is being done or perhaps in the case where some type of intentional actions such as an incompetent accountant or even embezzlement was discovered, to find out the extent of the issue.
Canadian banks end their fiscal year on October 31 primarily to align with the regulatory requirements set by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI). This timing allows banks to finalize their annual financial statements before the holiday season, ensuring a smoother process for audits and compliance reporting. Additionally, it provides a clear separation from the calendar year, enabling better analysis and planning for the upcoming fiscal period.
Fiscal usually relates to matters of financial stature. Fiscal could also relate to taxes and government issues. The use of the word fiscal can be combined in conjunction with fiscal cliff, fiscal year, fiscal deficit, fiscal policy and fiscal parish.
The RC performs all of the normal duties at the end of year closeout on calendar and fiscal year records. The only exception is the transferring of records to inactive file areas with a disposition of less than one year.