Who ran to Jesus Christ's tomb?

Answer 1

The answer varies somewhat depending on which gospel is used:

In Mark's Gospel, the disciples knew nothing about Jesus having risen, because the women fled in terror, telling no one (Mark 16:8). Even in the 'Long Ending' added much later, the disciples did not believe that Jesus was risen (Mark 16:11, 13) until he appeared to them in the upper room. No one ran to the tomb, and no one had any reason to do so.

In Matthew's Gospel, the disciples went to the mountain in Galilee and waited there for Jesus. No one ran to the tomb.

In Luke's Gospel, Peter ran alone to the tomb.

The account in John's Gospel is known to have been inspired by that in Luke, but with elaborations. Peter and the unknown 'disciple whom Jesus loved' (traditionally assumed to be John) ran to the tomb. The disciple outran Peter and arrived first, but Peter was the first to enter the tomb.

Archbishop Peter Carnley, in The Structure of Resurrection Belief, explains the presence of these discrepancies:The presence of discrepancies might be a sign of historicity if we had four clearly independent but slightly different versions of the story, if only for the reason that four witnesses are better than one. But, of course, it is now impossible to argue that what we have in the four gospel accounts of the empty tomb are four contemporaneous but independent accounts of the one event. Modern redactional studies of the traditions account for the discrepancies as literary developments at the hand of later redactors of what was originally one report of the empty tomb...

There is no suggestion that the tomb was discovered by different witnesses on four different occasions, so it is in fact impossible to argue that the discrepancies were introduced by different witnesses of the one event; rather, they can be explained as four different redactions for apologetic and kerygmatic reasons of a single story originating from one source.