Galileo was supported by his teacher, Ostilio Ricci.
Galileo
Galileo
Galileo
Both Pope Gregory XV and Pope Urban VIII were involved with Galileo's case
Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the sun at the center of the solar system, while Galileo supported this idea with observational evidence through his use of the telescope. Galileo's observations also challenged the geocentric model supported by the Catholic Church at the time.
Galileo Galilei
Pope Urban VII was the pope during Galileo's problems with the Church. he originally supported Galileo but dropped that support after Galileo made some rather disparaging remarks about the pope.
Yes, he was poor all of his life. Men like him had sponsors who supported their work.
The two main proponents in the early days were Nicolas Copernicus and Galileo.
By looking into space with the telescope.
Galileo's observations with his telescope supported the concept of heliocentricism. He noted that the satellites of Jupiter and Venus, based on their range of phases, did not match geocentricism supported by Ptolemy. He noted that based on these findings, that the Heliocentric theory was correct.
Yes, Galileo had a patron in the form of Cosimo II de' Medici, the Grand Duke of Tuscany. Cosimo II supported Galileo both financially and academically, allowing him to pursue his scientific endeavors.