Virginia
Virginia
North Carolina
New York
Rhode Island was the last state to ratify the constitution. After it had been drafted the state legislature initially refused to call for a ratifying convention, prompting the town of Providence to consider seceding. When the state threatened with an economic boycott by Congress - finally did call a convention in 1790, ratification was narrowly approved. Most Americans supported the Constitution once it was ratified.
Some historians call the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut the earliest constitution of that state; it dates from 1638 and was used as a constitution after independence. The first state to adopt a constitution as part of the move to independence was South Carolina, which did so on March 26, 1776. The oldest state constitution in effect is the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which went into effect on October 25, 1780.
The proposal for an amendment to the Constitution is initiated by either a two-thirds vote from both houses of Congress or from two-thirds (34) of state legislatures' call for a national convention. Ratifying (approving) amendments can only occur when either three-fourths of state legislatures approve, or through three-fourths approval at a state convention.
I'm not sure you can properly call it a "union" if there's only one state in it, but Delaware was the first state to ratify the US constitution.By the same logic, Pennsylvania (the second state to ratify the US constitution) wasn't really joining a union but forming one (with Delaware).The third state to ratify the constitution (New Jersey) was therefore the first state that can unambigously be said to have joined an existing union of other states.In practice, though, the Union is considered an ideal that existed as of the creation of the Constitution, and each state that ratified the constitution was joining that (hypothetical) union, so Delaware is really the first.
The Bill of Rights
The Preamble
Law enforcement powers are granted by the constitutions of the individual states. If constables are granted the same powers as police officers are granted by the constitution in your state, then they can call themselves police. You would have to check the state constitution in a specific state to answer this.
Yes. Changes to the constitution are called amendments. To propose an amendment requires 2/3 of Congress' approval or 2/3 of the state legislatures can vote to call a national convention to propose the amendment. To become part of the constitution, to be ratified, an amendment must get approval from 3/4 of Congress or 3/4 of the the states must vote for it in a ratifying convention.