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It is not known who were the Firsr Roman arch builders, they go too far back in Roman history and we do not have this information. The Romans did not invent the arch. However, they were the first to fully appreciate the advantages of the arch, the vault and the dome.

The arch has a strong lad bearing capacity and provides stability. The Etruscans invented the simple barrel arch and Pergamon invented the vault (adjacent arches which are assembled side by side) which has an even greater load bearing capacity and whose structure is also suited to support large roofs. The arches and the vaults came to be used extensively for the first time. They became essential for the construction of large scale buildings, to support large roofs and to build basements. They also used the arch to build gates, aqueducts, bridges which were much longer than before and could cross much wider rivers and valleys. The Romans even managed to build a bridge across the lower Danube, which is a very wide river. If a deep valley had to be crossed, two or three piers of arches were built on top of each other to reach the desired height.

The Romans invented segmental arch as they realised that an arch did not have to be a semicircle.

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