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Well, i don't know what causes them but i do know how they form.Convection currents are formed somewhere in the upper mantle below the asthenosphere and is called the mesosphere.the mantle material,(the hotter material) rises on the surface of the asthenosphere,and pushes the cooler material out of the way,sinking back into the Earth becoming more and less dense each time. Hope this helped! :)
Subduction zones or trenches.
The asthenoshere acts like jello and allows the lithosphere, containing the plate, to move. Tectonic plates could not move without the asthenoshere.
Idkkk I'm sorry
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A common definition of the lithosphere-astenosphere boundary is a thermal one. The astenosphere begins when 1300°C are reached. The lithosphere (containing the crust and the lithospheric mantle) is thus cooler than 1300°C but the lower portion of the lithosphere is still very hot (maybe 500-900°C or so). From the asthenosphere down towards the core the temperature keeps increasing and at the core the mantle has an estimated temperature of 4000°C.
Mars' geosphere (or lithosphere) is dry, cold and arid. Like the Earth's lithosphere, the Martian lithosphere is the not-so-rigid part of the crust of Mars which is cooler than the interior of Mars somewhat like the foam on top of a cup of hot cocoa. On Earth, the lithosphere can be pushed in response to the warmth of the Earth. Warm magma rises to the very surface and pushes the cooler, rocky lithosphere aside. The lithosphere then subducts, melts, and becomes part of the warm rising magma again. Thus on Earth, the recycling of the lithosphere keeps the lithosphere from becoming too thick. Unlike the Earth, the rocky material which comprises the lithosphere of Mars does not contain enough trapped water to allow the rocky material to slide against each other. Since portions of the rocky material cannot slide against each other, the lithosphere cannot make way for hot, rising magma from the interior of Mars. Thus the lithosphere stays in place and thickens by cooling gradually. So it is that Mars does not have plates moving on the surface.
Well, i don't know what causes them but i do know how they form.Convection currents are formed somewhere in the upper mantle below the asthenosphere and is called the mesosphere.the mantle material,(the hotter material) rises on the surface of the asthenosphere,and pushes the cooler material out of the way,sinking back into the Earth becoming more and less dense each time. Hope this helped! :)
Subduction zones or trenches.
in the lithosphere it will be cool and it will be a little cooler in the asthenosphere due to the lack of sunlight.then it will get warmer as you go deeper in the mesosphere.because your getting nearer to the outer core of molten.then as when your in the core ,you'll burnt really badly. the pressurein the mesosphere is enought to where yu have nose bleeds ,bad headaches and shortness of breath and you might faint as you go deeper.but if your right in the middle you'll be shrunk to the size of a pea.
in the lithosphere it will be cool and it will be a little cooler in the asthenosphere due to the lack of sunlight.then it will get warmer as you go deeper in the mesosphere.because your getting nearer to the outer core of molten.then as when your in the core ,you'll burnt really badly. the pressurein the mesosphere is enought to where yu have nose bleeds ,bad headaches and shortness of breath and you might faint as you go deeper.but if your right in the middle you'll be shrunk to the size of a pea.
dryclimate
The asthenoshere acts like jello and allows the lithosphere, containing the plate, to move. Tectonic plates could not move without the asthenoshere.
, hot material rises towards the surface and cooler material sinks back down towards the Earth's core. This is called mantle convection and is driven by the heat generated from the Earth's core and the heat released from radioactive decay within the mantle. The motion of these convection currents is responsible for plate tectonics and the movement of continents over time.
Cooler material is more dense and hotter material is less. This means that plates become more dense as they cool.