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Because the sun and stars get their energy from thermonuclear fusion: a process in which lighter elements are converted into heavier elements. As a result atoms of these elements have different numbers of positively charged protons and negative charged electrons. This gives the elements different properties. Furthermore, atoms of different elements will combine in different ways to make compounds and, in very many cases, the properties of a compound will be different from those of the constituent elements. For example, water which is a liquid at normal temperature and pressure (NTP) is made up of the elements hydrogen and oxygen which are gases at NTP.

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