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The centre of Antarctica has had snow falling on it for about 100,000 years. This snow doesn't melt but becomes ice with the weight of more snow on top. This is 7 million cubic miles (30 million cubic km) of ice.

This huge weight of ice forces the ice outwards radially all round the coast in the form of ice shelves that float out on the surface of the ocean. Some of these shelves rest on the sea bed. The ocean is warming and the warmer water melts the ice underneath the shelves, so the shelves become thinner and break off to form icebergs.

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