Matter of all types have gravity, which causes it to attract to each other. The most efficient way for all this matter to congregate is the sphere. As they consolidate, they form the shape. As they compress, temperatures in the center of the mass start to go up and if it hits the proper point, it can ignite and become a star.
Large astronomical bodies, such as planets and stars, are generally round due to the force of gravity. As these bodies accumulate mass, gravity pulls matter towards the center, creating a shape that minimizes potential energy. This spherical shape allows for uniform distribution of gravitational forces, ensuring stability. Additionally, the fluid nature of materials under high pressure and temperature, particularly in celestial bodies like stars, further promotes a round shape.
Gravity.
Dwarf Planets are bodies that both orbit the sun directly and which are large enough to be approximately spherical in shape. They are not the dominant objects in their orbit though, crossing other orbits of other large bodies. If they were to be found not to do this, being the dominant body at that orbit, then they would be classed as a planet.
It's a slightly flattened (at the poles) spheroid, the last time we checked. When astronomical bodies get large enough, they 'collapse', or shape themselves under the force of their own gravity. Thought experiment: imagine an object made of the same materials as earth and just as large, but it is a rod 100 km in diameter. What do you suppose would happen?
The large round object you’re referring to is a dwarf planet, specifically Pluto. Unlike full-fledged planets, dwarf planets like Pluto have not cleared their orbital neighborhoods of other debris. This classification is part of the definition established by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 2006.
Pluto was the planet in our solar system that was reclassified as a dwarf planet back in 2006, after the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided on the features that define what a planet is.The IAU now defines a planet as being a celestial body within a solar system that:1. orbits the sun2. is large enough to form into a round-ish shape3. has "cleared the neighbourhood" of it's orbitSince Pluto did not meet the third criteria, it can no longer be considered a planet.
The 3 attributes of a planet: 1. is in orbit around the Sun 2. is nearly round 3. has cleared its orbit
By the definition of the International Astronomical Union a dwarf planet is an object that:Orbits the sun.Is massive enough to be made round by its own gravity.Has failed to "clear the neighborhood" of debris.Ceres, the most massive object in the asteroid belt, meets these three criteria. If it had managed to "clear the neighborhood" then it would be considered a planet.
Pluto was excluded from the list of planets in 2006 after the International Astronomical Union (IAU) released it's decision on what defines a planet. In sum, the IAU now defines a planet as being a celestial body within a solar system that: 1. orbits the sun 2. is large enough to form into a round-ish shape 3. has "cleared the neighbourhood" of it's orbit Since Pluto did not meet the third criteria, it can no longer be considered a planet.
When it is said that a dwarf planet neighborhood has not been cleared out, it means that there are still other small celestial bodies present in the region. According to the International Astronomical Union's (IAU) definition, for a celestial body to be considered a dwarf planet, it must orbit the Sun and have sufficient mass to assume a nearly round shape. However, it does not have to "clear its neighborhood" of other objects, which means that there can still be other similar-sized objects in its vicinity.
A combination of gravity (pulling inward in all directions) and centrifugal force from rotation (pulling outward at the equator) produces a spheroidal shape.
The object that orbits the Sun, is round, and has cleared the area of its orbit is a planet. An example of such a celestial body is Earth. According to the International Astronomical Union's definition, a planet must be in orbit around the Sun, have sufficient mass for a nearly round shape, and have cleared its orbital path of other debris.