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Because leguminous plants are capable of fixing free nitrogen from the air with help of their root nodules. Thus soil get rich in nitrates in those places where these plants are grown.
Legumes "fix" nitrogen in nodules on their roots, so they do not need additional nitrogen-containing fertilizers.
The two things are Legume plants and fertilizers
The elements that is added to the soil for plants to grow is all fertilizers. fertilizer gives the plants nutrients to grow better.
The fertilizers add nutrients to the soil so that the plants grow better and more productively than if the soil were left in its normal state.
Plants obtain the carbon that they need in the form of carbon dioxide from the air, not from the soil. Even if carbon were added to fertiliser plants would be unable to make use of it.
Legumes are plants that can use nitrogen from the air for growth. This nitrogen can be added to the soil to increase soil fertility. Legumes include peas and beans.
The substances which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients like animal waste, plant waste for the healthy growth of plants are called manures and fertilizers are compounds which supply a specific nutrient to make the soil fertile.
fertilizers
Nitrogen covers 78% of the air around you! Which means you breath it and you can't live without it :(. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plants. It is, therefore, added to fertilizers.
Fertilizers contain many different nutrients that aid in plant growth, and these nutrients are what plants absorb, through osmosis, to increase their speed of growth and quality. When there usually isn't a sufficient amount of nutrients, fertilizers are added to make up for this lack of necessity. The amount and quality of plant growth is called the "crop yield".
This depends on the basic soil condition and what type of plants you wish to grow. It the soil is in poor condition then humus,compost or other conditioners would improve the soil structure. Once the soil structure is sorted out apply fertilizer to the manufacturers instructions.