All elements have their own discrete power spectra. To excite a hydrogen atom requires a different amount of energy than to excite a helium atom. The energy of a photon is proportional to its wavelength. So by looking at the wavelengths in the absorption or emission lines in the spectra and comparing them to known energy levels (empirical or quantum mechanic derived) of different elements, a great deal can be said about a stars outer layer.
That depends on the band that they are observing. Optical, xray, and radio spectroscopy all yield differnet information about the light source when observed. Optical, for instance, can be used to study the doplar shift(red shiift) of a star or galaxy to determine its speed and direction relative to us. It can also yield information as to the elemental make up of the start. All matter emits electromagnetic radiation, and at specfic wavelengths throughout the EM Band. In the optical band, each element can be identified by its marker in the spectum.
They tell us the chemical composition of the stars.
Particular chemical "species". They can detect atoms, ions, even molecules in the cooler stars.
Each element has a characteristic "fingerprint" of absorption/emission lines, and the pattern of lines tells scientists which elements are present.
By comparing laboratory spectra of different gasses with dark lines in the solar spectrum, it is possible to identify the elements that make up the outer layer.
To my knowledge you get a variety of colours and those colours represent elements the star us made up of
compositions and temperatures
Road trip planners can provide valuable information. Some of the information includes popular tourist attractions along a family's route, the best route to take to a destination, and other fun activities to keep the entire family entertained.
Europeans were interested in Africa because they were interested in turning the natives in to slaves.
The most obvious difference between museums, archives, and libraries is the form of media that each handles. Museums focus on objects; libraries on books; archives on graphic records. All these materials can be considered "information." Information can be defined in a broad or narrow way. In the broader view, information can include objects and graphic records alike. Michael Buckland, in his article "Information as Thing," distinguishes three kinds of information: Information as process (the act of informing); Information as knowledge (facts); and Information as thing: (objects, data, documents). The information professions have not typically considered objects to be "information." On this he notes:
The Unix file contains which kinds of fields?
other kinds of rocks are sedimentary rock or igneous rock
compositions and temperatures
if the universe is bounded or not
if the universe is bounded or not
For hobby, different kinds of people have different kinds of interests, some collect wierd things like needles, and some collect pokemon cards
they collect changes in elevation tilting of land surface and ground movements
i have no clue
Different types of electromagnetic waves provide different kinds of information. Specifically, black holes will emit large amounts of x-rays.
optical telescoperadiotelescopexray telescopeinfrared telescopeultraviolet telescopegamma-ray telescope
Collect data for all of the different kinds of Pokemon
The monarch had the power to make or change laws, to collect some kinds of taxes and estates.
Astronomy is one form of science. There are many different areas of science. So some astronomers can be called scientists. Not all astronomers are scientists, as for some it may only be a hobby. There are different kinds of scientists that would never be involved in astronomy.
Myself; I collect tiger eye, thunder eggs, obsidian, Jasper, fossils, Quartz, agates, opals, plume agate, material from around the world.