They have the same number of electrons in their outer or valence shell.
Groups, or Families.
Elements have more similar properties when they are found in the same column. Elements in the same column, also known as group or family, have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. Elements in the same row, also known as period, have different properties because they have different electron configurations.
The vertical "rows" are called Columns, and the horizontal "rows" are called Periods
On the Periodic table, horizontal rows are given the technical term "periods", while vertical columns are called "groups". Elements in the same period are similar in that they have the same number of energy levels.
number of orbitals
Na (sodium) belongs to the first group (vertical row) in the periodic table, all of the other elements in this group (row) have similar characteristics to each other. In general, each group has similar characteristics.
It groups elements with similar properties in vertical columns
The vertical elements are called groups. They have similar chemical properties.
you may think i am kidding but the horizontally aligned elements are called periods. The vertical is called groups.
A row on the periodic table is a horizontal arrangement of elements that share similar properties. These elements have the same number of electron shells. Each row represents one energy level or electron shell in an atom.
The elements that are in the same row as each other all have their highest energy electron in the same principal electron shell. The first row (H and He) have valence electrons in the 1s orbital (the 1st shell only has a s-orbital). The second row has valence electrons in the 2s and 2p orbitals (the 2nd shell), and the third row has valence electrons in the 3s and 3p orbitals (the 3rd shell), etc.This arrangement leads to so-called periodic trends in the periodic table.See the Related Questions to the left for more information.
True. Elements with similar properties are typically found in the same group (vertical column) on the periodic table due to a similar arrangement of their outer electrons and valence shell. Elements in the same period (horizontal row) have different properties but share the same number of electron shells.