so you know how long or wide something is
Latitude and longitude
Longitude and latitude.
I believe you are looking for the words - Longitude and Latitude of the grid system.
Alphanumeric grid uses a combination of letters and numbers to identify locations on a map, while latitude and longitude use angular measurements. Alphanumeric grid is typically used in smaller, more localized areas, while latitude and longitude are used globally. Alphanumeric grids are often based on a specific reference point, while latitude and longitude are based on the equator and prime meridian. Alphanumeric grids may have different orientations or scales, while latitude and longitude are universally recognized.
The lines of latitude and longitude are important because we need them to describe exactly where a point is on Earth.
Latitude and Longitude are used to point to exactly where you want to be
On maps, lines of latitude divide the Earth into "rings" of mainly 18 parts with each "ring" having 10 degrees latitude. Lines of longitude then cut across the lines of latitude and thus forming grids. There are mainly 36 lines of longitude spaced at 10 degrees longitude apart. In the end, there are 648 grids on a map if split up in this way.
The most important lines of longitude and latitude are the equator, the prime meridian, tropic of Cancer, tropic of Capricorn and the international dateline.
Longitude lines go vertically and latitude lines go horizontally.
there are 10: directions political physical/elevation historical aerial weather road maps grids latitude and longitude globes
Every point on Earth has a different set of geographic coordinates. If your maps have latitude and longitude grids printed on them, then you can estimate the coordinates of any place you see on the map, or find a place if you have its coordinates.
The crisscrossing patterns of the lines of longitude and latitude form a grid system that helps identify specific locations on Earth's surface. This grid allows for accurate navigation, mapping, and determining precise coordinates of any point on the planet.