Why are transformers needed to distribute electricity?

Answer 1

1) voltage level up-down

2) voltage level down-up

3) isolation

Answer

Because transmission would be impossible except at high voltages/low load currents due to enormous voltage drops that would otherwise occur, and these are achieved using Transformers..

Answer 2

The transformer in this case step up the voltage and decreases the current. Since the current is significantly low, the size of the conductors will be small. This reduces the cost of power transmission. Also.at a low current, the energy lost as heat in the conductors will significantly be low.

Answer 3

When you pass electricity through wires you warm the wires up. This heat is a total loss of energy. So you want to keep the loss to a minimum. The heating effect of electricity is increased with an increase in amperage (the current). The amount of power that goes through the wires is a function of the voltage x amps. So to transmit a certain amount of power with the minimum heat loss you keep the current down which mean pushing the voltage up. This is why the transmission wires near the generating station carry very high volatges. But these voltages are unsafe for use in domestic circuits so they have to be reduced by a series of transformers from the high volatges in the main lines to lower voltages at substations to even lower voltages in the home.

Another Answer

For a given load, the higher the supply voltage, the lower the load current. By transmitting electrical energy at high voltages, the load current is low enough to ensure that the resulting line voltage drop is minimised. Transmitting electrical energy at lower voltages would mean that the resulting load current would cause such enormous voltage drops that it would be impossible to transmit the energy over any distance.