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The familiar semi conducting materials are Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge)

These belong to fourth group as they have four valence electrons.

Now we need doping material whose valency may be either 5 (one more than 4) or trivalent (one less). By using one less ie trivalent material we can produce P type Si or P type Ge. Hence we add Boron, which is trivalent just as Aluminium along with Ge or Si.

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13y ago
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Q: Why boron is used as a doping element?
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