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ventilation
Two characteristics of an explosive eruption are a rapid expansion and massive pressure. Due to the violent nature of an explosion, they are extremely dangerous and difficult to accurately predict.
In free expansion, the external pressure is zero, i.e. work done is zero. Accordingly, free expansion is also called irreversible adiabatic expansion.
The coefficient of thermal expansion depends on the temperature and pressure. It a pressure of 1 atmosphere the coefficient of thermal expansion are:at 4 deg C : –0.1321 at 20 deg C : 0.1212 at 50 deg C : 0.4280 at 100 deg C: 0.7454.
The expansion will be uncontrolled and a considerable amount of eddying will occur downstream. This results in a higher friction loss and a lower pressure recovery.
A pressure trigger is a trigger for initiating assisted ventilation. A pressure trigger consists of a measuring pressure and starting assisted ventilation when the pressure reaches the desired level.
ventilation
Positive pressure ventilation is the use of life sustaining systems to help individuals that are showing respiratory distress. The signs that positive pressure ventilation has been successful are breathing over the ventilator and blood gas labs that are in normal ranges.
positive pressue ventilation is usually provided by a mechanical ventilator. A blend of oxygen and air coming out of the ventilator. The FiO2 is set on the ventilator. The person gets the FiO2 set on the ventilator.The manual positive pressure ventilation is by resuscitating with a self inflating bag usually provided with oxygen. FiO2 is fractional inspired oxygen and does not change with positive pressure ventilation or negative pressure ventilation. Manual bagging FiO2 may be changing according to supply of oxygen, inhalation (speed and volume) and frequency of bagging.
Apnea or gasping
Apnea or gasping
pressure control
The complication that is usually associated with the positive-pressure ventilation is that the lung can be injured.
Ventilation is important on a plane to compensate for air pressure as the plane is in a high altitudes and also to maintain suitable temperature and oxygen levels,
intrapulmonary pressure change
Two characteristics of an explosive eruption are a rapid expansion and massive pressure. Due to the violent nature of an explosion, they are extremely dangerous and difficult to accurately predict.
The lowest level of the deepest mine (In South Africa), will have the highest atmospheric pressure. But because of the forced ventilation and cooling systems needed, the air pressure at the lowest levels of the mine will not represent natural atmospheric pressures. [unless the ventilation systems fail!}