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The Carthaginians were not able to sail freely across the Mediterranean to attack Rome because of Rome's dominant naval presence and control of key naval routes. Rome's powerful navy and strategic locations along the coast limited Carthage's ability to launch direct attacks on Rome by sea. Additionally, Rome had established naval bases and outposts along the Italian peninsula, making it difficult for Carthage to navigate through Roman-controlled waters without being intercepted.

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Q: Why could the carthaginians just not sail across the mediterranean to attack rome?
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Why could Hannibal and the Carthaginians just not sail across the Mediterranean to attack Rome?

The Carthaginians did sail across the Mediterranean during the Second Punic War. They conducted raids on the coasts of Sicily and Sardinia. The carried out an expedition which landed at Genoa in northern Italy. The reasons why their naval operations were limited were that by then the Roman navy was more powerful than the Carthaginian one (It won all engagements) and that the base of Hannibal's war was southern Spain, not Carthage. There were also people in Carthage who disapproved of Hannibal's actions and this reduced the support he received from Carthage.


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