Athens and Sparta did not fight over colonies. They did not have colonies to fight over. The Greek world comprised several hundred independent city-states.
Maybe 3000 years ago but not today.
Athens and Sparta did not fight each other in isolation. They fought as allies and as adversaries in various conflicts over a couple of hundred years. So Athens did not defeat Sparta or Sparta defeat Athens. They were involved in wider conflicts in the battles.
Athens had a military
Sparta was an aristocracy that had a Council of Elders. Athens was a democracy. It had a council too, of 500 men over 30 years old.
In Athens the women weren't free, they had to clean, cook, and had to be hidden when they're husband's friends comes over. In Sparta, the women were free and they could have jobs and go anywhere! But in athens, they had to ask for permission. In sparta, they had better security, they had the military but athens didnt care about the military. In athens, only men were able to vote and participate in the government but in sparta, women can join the military and get jobs also they can vote!
When Athens established an empire over its allies in the wake of the Persian War, it had the money it extracted from then to spend on itself, and was able to use this on its own benefits and culture, and so was able to establish a strong cultural life. Sparta lived of its land, and could not. After Athens lost the Peloponnesian War, it was stripped of the empire whos funds it lavished on itself, and had to go back to thrifty living along with Sparta.
Athens and Sparta did not fight each other in isolation. They fought as allies and as adversaries in various conflicts over a couple of hundred years. So Athens did not defeat Sparta or Sparta defeat Athens. They were involved in wider conflicts in the battles.
Athens had a military
Athens and Sparta fought the poleponesian war. and it was over control of all of Greece
Athens was overconfident and aggressive. Sparta and its allies drew a line over a dispute over Megara, and tried to get Athens to soften its position. Athens refused and war ensued.
Sparta used a phalanx and Athens transported lots of troops over sea to Peloponnesus
Sparta prevailed over Athens .
877 B.C.
Athens loved to learn, they did fight in wars, and they were central government. Sparta loved to fight, they had some girls play sports too! They people were really strong, so that helped them in war. Sparta wanted to be in control, they both go to war. That brings Greece down to distruction.
They were already allies, Sparta having supported the establishment of the democratic regime in Athens. When the Persians sent the punitive expedition against Athens for interfering in Asia Minor, Athens called on Sparta for support, however the Spartans arrived to late to join in the battle at Marathon. With the Persian decision to take over all the Greek city-states, the cities had the option of either agree, as did some of the cities, or fight against it. Sparta and Athens both agreed to join with the city-states which resisted.
Sparta prevailed over Athens .
It changed over time - Sparta, Athens, Thebes.
It varied over time - Argos, Sparta, Athens, Sparta, Thebes.