Athens had a military
Sparta full-time. Athens part-time.
Athens and Sparta did not fight each other in isolation. They fought as allies and as adversaries in various conflicts over a couple of hundred years. So Athens did not defeat Sparta or Sparta defeat Athens. They were involved in wider conflicts in the battles.
Sparta was an aristocracy that had a Council of Elders. Athens was a democracy. It had a council too, of 500 men over 30 years old.
Athens and Sparta did not fight over colonies. They did not have colonies to fight over. The Greek world comprised several hundred independent city-states.
in Sparta were only free men citizens?
Athens and Sparta fought the poleponesian war. and it was over control of all of Greece
Athens was enemies with Sparta and Sparta was enemies with Athens
Athens was overconfident and aggressive. Sparta and its allies drew a line over a dispute over Megara, and tried to get Athens to soften its position. Athens refused and war ensued.
Sparta used a phalanx and Athens transported lots of troops over sea to Peloponnesus
Sparta prevailed over Athens .
877 B.C.
Sparta full-time. Athens part-time.
Sparta because they did not have as much freedom as Athens.
Athena
Sparta prevailed over Athens .
Athens and Sparta did not fight each other in isolation. They fought as allies and as adversaries in various conflicts over a couple of hundred years. So Athens did not defeat Sparta or Sparta defeat Athens. They were involved in wider conflicts in the battles.
Athens had a democracy; Sparta, an oligarchy.