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guardsman or reservists.
County Sheriffs do not have the authority to call out the Guard. That's done by the governor of the state or the president of the US.
To be a National Guardsman is your decision, but refusing a deployment can get you into trouble.
State Militia, or National Guard. Some states also have a State Guard.
The governor, and that power may be delegated to the lieutenant governor, as well. Additionally, some states permit their County Sheriffs to call up National Guard units within their county as needed.
There are actually two National Guards, but when people say the National Guard they are probably (but not necessarily) talking about the Army National Guard. The other National Guard is the Air National Guard which is to the Air Force what the Army National Guard is to the Army.
No. There is only an Army National Guard and an Air National Guard.
There is the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard.
The governor of Illinois can call out the National Guard for emergencies.
Yes. It serves both state and federal authorities.