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US President Lincoln pressured Union General Rosencrans to move against the Army of Tennessee, commanded by Braxton Bragg in June of 1863. Rosencrans was successful in forcing Bragg to retreat to Chattanooga on July 7, 1863. After Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg, President Lincoln sought to take control of southeastern Tennessee. The strategy was to defeat Bragg abd take control of Chattanooga, Tennessee and thereby facilitate a course set on the South's last major rail center in Atlanta. To Lincoln's dismay, Rosencrans did not press an attack on Chattanooga. Finally, after more pressure from Lincoln, Rosencrans took a better course. He swung around Chattanooga into Northwest Georgia threatening Bragg's supply and communications lines. This forced Bragg to evacuate the city allowing Rosencrans to take the city with only a small force.

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